HESI A2 Elsevier (HESI): HESI Admission Assessment - Set 2 - Part 2

Correct Answer: is

Is correctly agrees with the singular indefinite pronoun each. Although patients is plural, the true subject is each, which always takes a singular verb regardless of the prepositional phrase that follows the pronoun here. Option b is incorrect because Are is plural and would agree only if the subject were patients. The subject is each, an always singular indefinite pronoun, so are is incorrect here in the formal grammar tested on the exam today. Option c is incorrect because Were is plural past tense. The subject each is singular, and the present passive structure of the sentence requires a singular present tense verb instead. The plural past tense fails on two grounds simultaneously here. Option d is incorrect because Have been is plural present perfect. Each is always singular and requires the singular has been, not the plural have been, for proper agreement. The simple present is also more idiomatic here than perfect tense.

Correct Answer: Sentence fragment

Sentence fragment is correct because the word group lacks an independent clause. The introductory while phrase has no main subject and verb to complete it, so the words cannot stand alone as a sentence. Option a is incorrect because A run-on sentence joins two independent clauses without proper punctuation. This word group has no independent clause at all, so it cannot be a run-on. Run-ons require at least two complete clauses joined incorrectly. Option b is incorrect because A comma splice joins two independent clauses with only a comma. There are no independent clauses present here, so this label does not fit the error. The word group lacks even a single complete clause. Option c is incorrect because Subject-verb mismatch refers to a verb disagreeing with its subject. This word group has neither a complete subject nor a finite verb to disagree, so the label cannot apply to this kind of fragment here.

Correct Answer: Run-on sentence

Run-on sentence is correct because two independent clauses are joined with no punctuation or conjunction between morning and his. The clauses must be separated by a period, semicolon, or comma plus conjunction word. Option a is incorrect because A fragment lacks a complete thought. This sentence contains two complete thoughts joined together, so the problem is too much, not too little, in one sentence. Fragments are the opposite kind of error from this. Option c is incorrect because Misplaced modifier describes a phrase placed too far from the word it modifies. The modifiers in this sentence are correctly positioned next to their nouns and verbs, so this error label does not apply. Option d is incorrect because Faulty parallelism occurs when items in a series do not share grammatical form. There is no series of items in this sentence to compare or evaluate, so parallelism is not the error in this sentence.

Correct Answer: is

Is correctly matches the singular subject list. The prepositional phrase of approved medications does not change the subject, which remains singular and present. The verb agrees with the head noun, not the phrase modifier here. Option a is incorrect because Are is plural and would only fit if the subject were medications. The true subject is list, which is singular, so are creates an agreement error. The prepositional phrase does not change the actual subject. Option b is incorrect because Were is plural past tense. The subject list is singular, and the routine described requires present tense, so were is wrong on both counts. The repeated weekly action calls for the simple present tense form. Option d is incorrect because Have been is plural present perfect. The singular subject list requires has been or, more naturally for this routine, the simple present is. Repeated weekly actions are typically expressed in the simple present tense form.

Correct Answer: Comma splice

Comma splice is correct because two independent clauses are joined with only a comma. They need a semicolon, a period, or a coordinating conjunction with the comma. The clauses cannot share a single comma alone. Option b is incorrect because Sentence fragment refers to an incomplete thought, but this sentence contains two complete thoughts. The flaw is over-joining, not lack of completeness, so a fragment label does not describe what is happening here today. Option c is incorrect because Subject-verb mismatch involves a verb that does not agree with its subject. Both verbs in this sentence agree with their subjects in number and person, so the agreement label does not describe the actual problem. Option d is incorrect because Dangling modifier describes a modifier that does not clearly attach to a noun. This sentence has no introductory modifier in need of attachment, so the dangling modifier label does not apply to this error.

Correct Answer: Dangling modifier

Dangling modifier is correct because the introductory phrase walking down the hall logically describes a person, but it grammatically attaches to chart, which cannot walk. The doer of walking is missing from the clause. Option a is incorrect because Run-on sentence joins two independent clauses without proper punctuation. This sentence has only one independent clause, so a run-on is not the issue. The introductory phrase is a modifier, not a separate clause. Option b is incorrect because Comma splice joins two independent clauses with only a comma. This sentence does not contain two independent clauses linked by a single comma, so the comma splice label does not apply to the error. Option c is incorrect because Subject-verb mismatch is when the verb disagrees with the subject. The verb was reviewed correctly agrees with its singular subject chart in this sentence, so subject-verb agreement is not the actual problem here.

Correct Answer: Misplaced modifier

Misplaced modifier is correct because only sits next to gave, suggesting only the act of giving. The intended meaning places only before one tablet, indicating the limited quantity rather than restricting the action verb here. Option a is incorrect because Run-on sentence joins two independent clauses without proper punctuation. This sentence contains a single independent clause, so a run-on label does not apply. There is no second clause for the first to merge with. Option c is incorrect because Sentence fragment refers to an incomplete thought. This sentence has a clear subject, verb, and object, expressing a complete idea by itself. The fragment label requires missing essential elements that this sentence has not lost. Option d is incorrect because Faulty parallelism occurs when items in a series do not share grammatical form. No list of items appears in this sentence to evaluate parallel structure, so parallelism cannot be the error.

Correct Answer: Faulty parallelism

Faulty parallelism is correct because the list mixes two gerunds, studying and taking, with the infinitive to chart. The third item should be charting to match the form of the first two items in series. Option a is incorrect because Comma splice is the joining of two independent clauses with only a comma. This sentence contains a single independent clause with a list of activities, so the comma splice label does not apply. Option b is incorrect because Sentence fragment refers to an incomplete thought. This sentence has a subject, a verb, and a clear meaning, so it is a complete sentence. The fragment label requires missing essential elements not absent here today. Option d is incorrect because Dangling modifier describes an introductory modifier with no clear noun to attach to. This sentence has no introductory modifying phrase causing such a problem, so the dangling modifier label does not describe this error.

Correct Answer: Sentence 1

Sentence 1 places the nurse, who logically performs the action of completing rounds, immediately after the introductory phrase. The modifier attaches correctly to the doer, so the sentence is grammatically clear and standard in form. Option b is incorrect because Sentence 2 has a dangling modifier because the patients did not complete rounds. The introductory phrase incorrectly attaches to the patients, the subject of the clause, creating an illogical relationship between modifier and actor here. Option c is incorrect because Sentence 3 has a dangling modifier because an update cannot complete rounds. The subject following the introductory phrase fails to be the actor of completing, so the modifier is left dangling without a logical attachment. Option d is incorrect because Sentence 4 has a dangling modifier because updates cannot complete rounds. The subject does not match the implied actor of the introductory phrase, breaking grammar. A revised version requires placing the nurse in s

Correct Answer: Faulty parallelism

Faulty parallelism is correct because the list mixes two adjectives, patient and knowledgeable, with a verb phrase, explains things clearly. All items must share grammatical form, so a third adjective would balance the series. Option a is incorrect because Comma splice joins two independent clauses with only a comma. The commas in this sentence separate items in a list, not two complete clauses, so the comma splice label does not apply. Option b is incorrect because Run-on sentence joins independent clauses without punctuation. This sentence contains only one independent clause that lists qualities of the clinical instructor, so the run-on label does not describe what is wrong here. Option c is incorrect because Subject-verb mismatch is when subject and verb disagree in number. The verb is correctly agrees with its singular subject instructor in this sentence, so subject-verb agreement is not the problem in any predicate elements.

Correct Answer: affect

Affect is correct because it is a verb meaning to influence. The new policy will influence morale, which is exactly the meaning required after will. The base form follows the modal auxiliary directly. Option a is incorrect because Effect is most often a noun meaning a result, but the blank requires a verb because will signals a future action. The verb form needed is affect, not the noun effect. Option b is incorrect because Effected is a verb meaning brought about, used in formal contexts like effected change. The sentence describes influence on morale, which calls for affect, not effected. The two words have different meanings despite similar forms. Option d is incorrect because Affected is the past tense of the verb affect. The auxiliary will requires the base form, so the correct verb here is affect rather than affected. Modal auxiliaries like will pair with the base form.

Correct Answer: accept

Accept is correct because it is a verb meaning to receive willingly. The instructor will receive the assignments, which matches the meaning required by the sentence. Accept always functions as a verb in formal English. Option b is incorrect because Except usually functions as a preposition meaning excluding, not as a verb. The instructor cannot except assignments in this context, so the word does not fit grammatically. Except introduces exclusions rather than acts of receiving. Option c is incorrect because Expect means to anticipate. While the instructor may expect assignments, the sentence describes the act of receiving them, which is more precisely expressed by accept. The two verbs have related but distinctly different meanings. Option d is incorrect because Excerpt is a noun or verb meaning to take a passage from a longer work. It does not fit the context of receiving completed assignments, so it is wrong on both meaning and usage grounds.

Correct Answer: who

Who is correct because the blank serves as the subject of the verb left in the noun clause. The subjective form who matches that grammatical role. Subject pronouns use the subjective case in formal English. Option a is incorrect because Whom is the objective form, used as the object of a verb or preposition. The blank functions as the subject of left, which requires who. Subjects take the subjective case in formal English. Option b is incorrect because Whose is a possessive pronoun showing ownership, as in whose car. The blank does not show possession, so whose is grammatically incorrect here. The blank fills a subject position, not a possessive determiner role. Option c is incorrect because Which is used to refer to things or to choose among options, not to refer to a person. The unknown person here calls for who, not which. Which would only fit among inanimate options.

Correct Answer: lie

Lie is correct because it is the intransitive verb meaning to recline. The nurse reclines herself with no object, which matches the meaning needed. Intransitive verbs do not take direct objects in their basic structure. Option a is incorrect because Lay is a transitive verb meaning to place something. It needs a direct object, but the sentence has none, so lie is the correct intransitive form here. The verb lay requires something being placed somewhere. Option c is incorrect because Laid is the past tense of lay and requires an object. After to, the base form is needed, and the meaning calls for lie. The past tense form cannot follow the infinitive marker to. Option d is incorrect because Lying is the present participle and cannot follow the infinitive marker to. The base form is required, and the proper base form for reclining is lie. Participle forms appear in continuous tenses or as modifiers.

Correct Answer: whose

Whose is correct because it is the possessive form of who. It indicates ownership of the stethoscope, asking which person's stethoscope was left on the table. Whose functions as a possessive determiner before the noun. Option a is incorrect because Who's is the contraction of who is or who has. Substituting who is stethoscope into the sentence makes no grammatical sense, so the contraction does not fit. The contraction never indicates possession in standard English. Option b is incorrect because Whom is the objective form of who, used as an object. The blank shows ownership of the stethoscope, which requires the possessive form, not the objective form. Whom answers questions about verb or preposition objects. Option d is incorrect because Whoms is not a standard English word. The possessive form of who is whose, and there is no plural or alternate form spelled with an added s. English does not pluralize the relative pronoun who.

Correct Answer: fewer

Fewer is correct because cancellations are countable items. Fewer modifies plural countable nouns, while less modifies uncountable nouns or amounts that cannot be counted individually. The traditional rule applies strictly on standardized exams here. Option b is incorrect because Less is used with uncountable nouns such as water or time. Cancellations can be counted one by one, so the correct comparative is fewer rather than less. The traditional rule treats countable plurals separately. Option c is incorrect because Lesser usually means inferior in importance, as in the lesser of two evils. It does not refer to numerical comparisons of countable things like cancellations, so it is the wrong choice in this context. Option d is incorrect because Least is the superlative form, used when comparing three or more items. The sentence compares only two weeks, so the comparative fewer is required, not least. Superlative forms appear in three-way or larger comparisons.

Correct Answer: accept, except

Accept, except is correct because the first blank uses the verb accept meaning to receive, and the second uses except as a preposition meaning excluding a lie. Each word fills its proper grammatical role here. Option a is incorrect because Except in both blanks is wrong because the first blank needs a verb meaning to receive willingly. Except is generally a preposition meaning excluding, not a verb of receiving. Both uses fail the meaning test. Option b is incorrect because Reversing the pair fails the first blank, which calls for the verb accept meaning to receive. The second blank then needs except, the preposition for excluding. The two words must appear in proper order. Option c is incorrect because Accept in both blanks is wrong because the second blank means excluding. Accept means receiving, so it cannot signal the exclusion that the sentence requires. The second slot needs the preposition that introduces exceptions.

Correct Answer: than

Than is correct because it is the conjunction used in comparisons. The sentence compares two graduates, so than is the proper word for the blank. Than follows comparative forms of adjectives or adverbs. Option a is incorrect because Then is an adverb of time meaning at that moment or next. The sentence compares two people, which requires the comparison word, not a time word. Then and than are commonly confused but differ. Option c is incorrect because Thus is an adverb meaning therefore or in this way. It signals a conclusion, not a comparison, so it does not fit the comparative structure here. The word more requires than to complete the comparison. Option d is incorrect because That is a relative pronoun or demonstrative, used to introduce clauses or point to specific items. It does not signal comparison between two people in this sentence. Comparatives with more take than in formal English.

Correct Answer: principle

Principle is correct because it is the singular noun meaning a fundamental rule. Every requires a singular noun, and rule fits the meaning of safety guidance. The spelling with le indicates the rule meaning. Option a is incorrect because Principal as a noun means the head of a school or a sum of money. The sentence refers to guiding rules of a policy, which calls for principle. The two words sound alike but differ. Option b is incorrect because Principles is plural, but the sentence uses every, which requires a singular noun. Every always pairs with a singular noun and verb, so principles is incorrect here. The determiner every imposes singularity on the noun. Option d is incorrect because Principals is the plural of principal, referring to school heads or main individuals. It is also plural, conflicting with every, which requires a singular noun and meaning. The spelling and number both fail this sentence.

Correct Answer: lose

Lose is the verb meaning to fail to keep or to misplace. The patient fears no longer holding her place, which matches lose precisely. The single o distinguishes the verb from the adjective. Option b is incorrect because Loose is an adjective meaning not tight or unrestrained. It cannot serve as a verb after would, which requires a base form expressing an action like lose. The double o marks the adjective form. Option c is incorrect because Loosen is a verb meaning to make less tight, such as loosen a bandage. The sentence is about giving up a position, not reducing tightness in something. The meanings do not overlap despite similar spellings. Option d is incorrect because Loss is a noun meaning the act of losing or what is lost. The blank follows would, which requires a base verb form, not a noun. Modal auxiliaries always pair with base verb forms.