NR-328 Pediatric Nursing - Set 1 - Part 3

Correct Answer: I will stir the dose into his whole bottle.

Mixing medication into a bottle risks an unknown dose if the infant does not finish it, and the child may then refuse the bottle entirely. Give the dose separately by syringe. Option a is incorrect because an oral syringe is exactly what the dose should be measured in. Household spoons vary widely in volume, so the syringe protects accuracy and the caregiver has it right. Option b is incorrect because slow delivery toward the inner cheek lets the infant swallow between small amounts. That technique lowers the risk of choking and gagging, so the statement shows correct understanding. Option d is incorrect because stopping an antibiotic early when symptoms fade invites relapse and resistance. Completing every dose of the prescribed course is standard teaching and needs no correction here.

Correct Answer: Spend part of the visit with her alone

Part of every adolescent visit belongs to the teenager alone, with confidentiality and its limits explained up front. Private time supports identity formation and is where honest answers about risk behavior actually surface. Option b is incorrect because routing everything through the mother tells the adolescent that her own account carries no weight. Address the teenager directly; the parent stays a resource rather than the spokesperson for the visit. Option c is incorrect because waiting three years abandons screening at the exact age when substance use, sexual health and depression need attention. Structured confidential questioning belongs in adolescent visits, not after legal adulthood. Option d is incorrect because a blanket promise cannot be kept once safety is at stake. The nurse explains what stays private and what must be disclosed, since an adolescent who is misled disengages permanently.

Correct Answer: Give the ordered analgesic for the reported score

Self-report is the gold standard, and pain is what the child says it is. Distraction through television does not lower the actual pain, so the reported score drives the intervention. Option a is incorrect because delaying treatment to test the child's honesty punishes an accurate report. Children who learn their pain is doubted stop reporting it, and the next assessment becomes far less useful. Option c is incorrect because appearance is not the measure. Children distract themselves and even fall asleep from exhaustion while hurting badly, so laughter at a screen tells the nurse nothing reliable. Option d is incorrect because a caregiver's opinion cannot overrule a school-age child's own rating. Parents are valuable partners in pain care, yet the child remains the authority on personal pain.

Correct Answer: The height and weight limits printed on the seat

The age rule has been replaced by the manufacturer's height and weight limits. A child stays rear-facing until he reaches the top figure printed on that seat, which many convertible models allow well past age two. Option b is incorrect because turning a seat on a birthday is the habit this guidance was written to end. Head control is already present long before two and never triggered the change anyway. Option c is incorrect because bent or touching legs worry parents but injure almost no one. Leg fractures in rear-facing crashes are rare, while the neck injuries this position prevents are severe and common. Option d is incorrect because no clinic visit authorizes the switch. Restraint stages are governed by the seat's own labeling, and a family can check the installation with a certified child passenger safety technician.

Correct Answer: The child has moved into the despair phase

Withdrawal, silence and loss of interest in play and food mark despair, the second phase of separation anxiety. It is grief, not settling in, and calls for the caregiver's return. Option a is incorrect because quiet is not the same as calm in a hospitalized toddler. Reading this silence as adjustment is the classic trap, and it delays getting the caregiver back to the bedside. Option b is incorrect because infection announces itself with fever, changed vital signs or a new focus of symptoms. Nothing here points that way, and the timing follows the separation pattern precisely. Option d is incorrect because negativism shows up as loud refusal, tantrums and a firm no. This child has gone silent and withdrawn instead, which is the opposite of the usual toddler protest.

Correct Answer: High coverage stops the virus from circulating

When enough people are immune the organism cannot sustain transmission, which indirectly shields those who cannot be vaccinated. Measles needs roughly ninety-five percent coverage, so this infant depends entirely on the neighborhood. Option a is incorrect because antibody does not pass between unrelated people in a community. The only antibody this infant carries came across the placenta, and that maternal protection fades over the first months. Option b is incorrect because no routine childhood vaccine spreads immunity by shedding to bystanders. Protection comes from each individual mounting a response, and telling a parent otherwise sets up a dangerous misunderstanding. Option c is incorrect because the threshold has to hold continuously, not be assembled once cases appear. Measles reappears first whenever rates slip, and vaccinating during an outbreak comes far too late for exposed infants.

Correct Answer: Heart and respiratory rates fall, blood pressure rises

Heart rate and respiratory rate are highest in the newborn and decline steadily toward adult values, while systolic blood pressure climbs as the child grows. Both trends move in opposite directions. Option a is incorrect because reversing both trends describes no stage of childhood. An adolescent with a heart rate near a newborn's and a blood pressure below an infant's would be seriously unwell. Option b is incorrect because a rising heart rate across childhood would mean an adolescent's pulse exceeds an infant's. Cardiac output in small children depends on rate, so their rates start fast and slow down. Option d is incorrect because blood pressure is the one value that climbs with age. A newborn sits near sixty to ninety systolic, while an adolescent reaches the ninety to one hundred twenty range.

Correct Answer: Infant botulism from spores found in honey

Honey can carry Clostridium botulinum spores, which germinate in the immature infant gut and produce the toxin behind infant botulism. It stays out of the diet, baked goods included, until the first birthday. Option a is incorrect because decay is a real concern with any sugar, yet it develops slowly over months. The reason honey is banned in this age group is an acute toxin-mediated illness, not caries. Option c is incorrect because pollen sensitivity is rare and is not the hazard driving this rule. Spores rather than allergens are the problem, and they survive the processing that removes most other contaminants. Option d is incorrect because loose stools from sugar would be uncomfortable but self-limiting. Botulism instead brings constipation, a weak cry, poor feeding, and descending weakness that can stop the infant from breathing.

Correct Answer: Cooperative play seen in school-age children

School-age children play cooperatively in organized groups with defined roles, goals and rules that matter intensely to them. Arguing over fairness reflects conventional moral reasoning and is expected rather than a behavior problem. Option a is incorrect because associative play has no leader, no assigned roles and no rules that anyone enforces. Preschoolers drift through a shared activity, which is nothing like the structured contest described here. Option b is incorrect because toddlers occupy themselves next to each other without joining in or sharing. Ten-year-olds negotiating a disputed rule are deeply engaged with one another, which parallel play never involves. Option c is incorrect because solitary play involves one infant and an object, with nobody else in the scene. A card game requiring several participants and contested rules sits at the opposite end of the sequence.

Correct Answer: When every lesion has crusted over

Varicella stays communicable from a day or two before the rash until every lesion has crusted. New blisters still forming mean the child is shedding virus and belongs at home. Option b is incorrect because fever in chickenpox is mild and often gone long before the crops stop appearing. Using temperature as the marker would send a still-infectious child back among susceptible toddlers. Option c is incorrect because antivirals are reserved for children at risk of severe disease, not for every healthy case. A five day antibiotic rule fits pertussis, where treatment ends transmission. Option d is incorrect because itch relief tracks comfort rather than contagiousness. A child may scratch open crusted lesions long after shedding stops, and another may itch little while highly infectious.